Water, Hard |
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WATER, HARD: Causes Calcium Deposits on Cattleya Leaves
The acidification of water from the hose gradually dissolves the deposits; see method described, A69-126; A71-609
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WATER, HARD: Characteristics
The critical factor is the soluble salt content; over 150 ppm. of calcium carbonate (CaCo/3) is hard, soap does not produce good lather; waters with less than 125 ppm. are excellent; up to 500 ppm. are all right; 500 to 800 are usable with caution. F80-8
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WATER, HARD: De-ionized Water for Plants
For a few small plants one can buy the kind of water sold for steam irons in areas where the local water has a high sodium content. OD79-53
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WATER, HARD: Deposits on Tree-fern Rafts
To dissolve these use a little nitric acid at pH of 4.0 to 4.5; add a few drops of dilute nitric acid to a plastic bucket of water and soak the rafts for 1/2 hour. A75-680
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WATER, HARD: Devices Available for Removing the Cause
There is no simple device for removing calcium and magnesium from tap water; water-softeners create water unsuitable for orchids; demineralization units are expensive; paphiopedilums grow in limestone soils and are not harmed by "hard" water; possible to acidify hard water with citric or nitric acids. A72-204
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WATER, HARD: High in Calcium and Magnesium Salts
Its nature and characteristics and suitability for growing; has high electrical conductance; comments on water-softeners; refer to A67-466+; AH39
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WATER, HARD: Near Maximum "hardness Index"
If the water coats pots and plants with lime residue, perhaps rain water should be collected for periodical use; demineralizer units are expensive but laboratory models are more moderate; address given. A73-709
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WATER, HARD: Softened with Soda Ash
Do not use this on plants. A67-466; A78-812
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